Carbon is one of the 
elements on the Earth. There are two types of carbon. They are Carbon 12 and 
Carbon 14. Most of the carbon atoms are Carbon 12. It has a stable carbon atomic 
structure and is non-radioactive.But Carbon 14 isn’t stable and has radioactive 
carbon isotope.
Carbon 14 is formed after 
Nitrogen 14 is affected by cosmic rays and solar winds.
Both Carbon 12 and 14 
existed in the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. They are absorbed by plants all 
alike. Animals eat plants so they absorb Carbon 14 too.
When animals and plants are 
alive, although Carbon 14 will change back to nitrogen, they continue to absorb 
Carbon 14, so the ratio of both types of carbons in the bodies is more or less 
the same as that in the atmosphere.
However, living things 
won't be able to absorb Carbon 14 anymore after dying. Carbon 14 inside the 
bodies will decrease. The longer they die, the less carbon 14 they have in their 
bodies.
The radioactive half-life 
of Carbon 14 is about 5,730 years, meaning that half of the Carbon 14 will be 
converted back to nitrogen every 5,730 years. 5,730 years later, only 1/4 of the 
original Carbon 14 will be left while 5,730 more years later, only 1/8 of the original Carbon 14 will be left. 
The ratio of Carbon 14 and 
12 in the atmosphere is about 1 to 10 billion.
Therefore, if a person 
knows how much Carbon 14 a living thing had when it died, then he/she can 
calculate how long it’s been dead.
The best equipment these 
days, Accelerator Mass Spectrometer, can test the age of fossils as far as about 
90,000 years ago.
However, there’s a 
seriously wrong assumption in the test. Scientists who believe in evolution 
assume that there’s no great mutation in the last billions of years and that 
there’s no change in the elements in the atmosphere and cosmic rays. Therefore 
they assume that the appearance and decline of Carbon 14 are already balanced. 
They also think that the amount of Carbon 14 now and that billions of years 
earlier are the same.
The ratio of carbon 14 will 
be affected under certain situations. For instance, people began to burn lots of 
coals and oil ever since the industrial revolution in 17th century. This 
increases the amount of carbon in the atmosphere. But coals contain less Carbon 
14 because they were located underground and were not affected by cosmic 
rays.
Therefore, living things 
existed after the industrial revolution have a lower ratio of Carbon 14 and 
Carbon 12. If we don’t know this, then the age calculated by the equation will 
be older than the object’s real age.
Another example is that the 
amount of carbon 14 has increased after atomic bomb tests since 1940. Therefore, 
the age calculated will be younger than the real one.
Moreover, the strength of 
geomagnetic field will also affect the amount of Carbon 14. If it is great, it 
will protect Carbon 14 from being affected by cosmic rays. It is confirmed 
through tests of lava that our geomagnetic field has been decreasing in the last 
thousands of years.
In addition, solar activity 
and cosmic rays are more intense so the amount of Carbon 14 is greater than that 
in the past. Therefore, testing samples thousands of years earlier will result in thousands 
or even millions of years in error.  
In fact, diamonds are 
thought to be heated and under pressure underground for millions of years. The 
Carbon 14 inside should be disappeared after millions of years but scientists 
found that there is still Carbon 14 inside.
Contemporary scientist 
discovered that the half-life of radioactive samples in the labs changes 
instantly as the Earth is hit by the solar wind. Therefore, the assumption 
saying that radioactive half-life is constant is completely broken.


